How to Adjust the Closing and Latch Speeds on a Storefront Door Closer

If you have a commercial storefront door, you know how important it is to keep it functioning properly. One of the most important components of any storefront door is the door closer. The door closer is responsible for ensuring that the door closes smoothly and securely every time it's used. However, if the closing and latch speeds are not adjusted correctly, it can cause problems such as slamming, difficulty opening or closing the door, and potential safety hazards.

Understanding ADA and ANSI Requirements

Before adjusting the closing and latch speeds on your storefront door closer, it's important to understand the ADA and ANSI requirements for door closers. The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) requires that storefront doors have a minimum opening force of no more than 5 pounds, and a maximum closing speed of 3 feet per second. This is to ensure that individuals with disabilities can easily open and use the door.

The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) also has requirements for door closers. ANSI standard A156.4 specifies the criteria for adjustable door closers, including the maximum and minimum closing forces and closing speeds. The ANSI standard also includes guidelines for the amount of force required to open the door, which should not exceed 15 pounds for interior doors and 30 pounds for exterior doors.

Step-by-Step Guide to Adjusting Closing and Latch Speeds

Now that you understand the ADA and ANSI requirements, you can begin adjusting the closing and latch speeds on your storefront door closer. Follow these steps to ensure that your door closer is adjusted correctly:

1. Identify the type of door closer you have. There are three common types of door closers: surface-mounted, concealed, and floor-mounted. Each type requires a different adjustment method, so it's important to identify which type you have before beginning the adjustment process.
2. Locate the adjustment screws. Depending on the type of door closer you have, the adjustment screws may be located on the top, bottom, or side of the closer body. Refer to the manufacturer's instructions for specific information on where to locate the adjustment screws.
3. Adjust the closing speed. To adjust the closing speed, turn the adjustment screw clockwise to increase the speed or counterclockwise to decrease the speed. It's important to make small adjustments and test the door after each adjustment to ensure that the speed is correct. Remember to follow the ADA and ANSI requirements for maximum closing speed.

Adjusting the Latch Speed

Adjusting the latch speed on a storefront door closer is also important for proper operation and compliance with ADA and ANSI requirements. The latch speed controls how fast the door closes during the final few inches of its swing, ensuring that the door latches securely and prevents air drafts from entering the building.

1. Locate the latch speed adjustment valve on the door closer. This is typically located on the end of the closer body and is labeled "Latch Speed."
2. Use a flathead screwdriver to turn the valve counterclockwise to decrease the speed or clockwise to increase the speed. A 1/8th turn is usually enough to make a noticeable difference in speed.
3. Test the door to ensure that it latches properly and does not slam shut or bounce back open. If necessary, make additional adjustments until the door operates smoothly and securely.
4. Record the final adjustment settings for future reference.

ADA and ANSI Requirements

When adjusting the closing and latch speeds on a storefront door closer, it is important to adhere to the requirements set forth by the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). These standards ensure that the door operates safely and efficiently, allowing easy access for individuals with disabilities.

The ADA requires that storefront doors have a minimum opening force of no more than 5 pounds and a maximum closing speed of 3 seconds for a door to fully close and latch from an open position of 90 degrees.

The ANSI standard specifies that storefront doors must have a minimum opening force of no more than 8.5 pounds and a maximum closing speed of 5 seconds for a door to fully close and latch from an open position of 90 degrees.

It is important to ensure that your storefront door closer meets both of these standards for safe and compliant operation.

Adjusting Backcheck on a Storefront Door Closer

In addition to adjusting the closing and latch speeds, it is also important to properly adjust the backcheck function on a storefront door closer. Backcheck is a feature that prevents the door from opening too quickly and forcefully, which can cause damage to the door and frame, as well as create a safety hazard.

To adjust backcheck on a storefront door closer, follow these steps:

1. Locate the backcheck valve on the closer body.
2. Using a flathead screwdriver, turn the valve clockwise to increase the backcheck resistance or counterclockwise to decrease it.
3. Open the door and allow it to swing back towards the closer. Observe the backcheck action and adjust as necessary.
4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 until the backcheck is set to the desired resistance.
5. Test the door to ensure that it opens and closes smoothly and without resistance.

It is important to note that the ADA requires storefront doors to have a backcheck function that limits the door opening to no more than 90 degrees. ANSI standards also recommend that storefront doors be equipped with backcheck to prevent damage and injury.

Conclusion

Properly adjusting the closing and latch speeds, as well as the backcheck function, on a storefront door closer is essential to ensuring the door operates smoothly, safely, and efficiently. By following these simple steps, you can ensure that your storefront doors meet ADA and ANSI requirements, as well as provide a welcoming and accessible entrance for your customers and employees.

At Automatic Door and Hardware, we specialize in commercial storefront doors and offer a wide range of door closers and accessories to meet your needs. Contact us today for more information on storefront door maintenance or to purchase door closers and other commercial door hardware.